{"id":2408,"date":"2025-08-31T21:37:40","date_gmt":"2025-08-31T20:37:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/?p=2408"},"modified":"2026-07-06T22:05:30","modified_gmt":"2026-07-06T21:05:30","slug":"how-to-configure-automatic-updates-on-debian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/how-to-configure-automatic-updates-on-debian\/","title":{"rendered":"How To Configure Automatic Updates On Debian"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keeping your OS up to date is essential in the fight against attackers.  Maintaining updates can be a mundane task, especially where there are a lot of servers to manage.  For Debian, updating can be made very simple with the use of automatic updates.  By default automatic updates are not enabled unless you are using Gnome, so in this tutorial you will learn how to configure automatic updates on Debian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Lao Tzu<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cnvs-block-toc cnvs-block-toc-1634680436164\" >\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"requirements\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Requirements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>You will need root access to the Debian OS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Your OS should be supported (at least Debian 11)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We always advise keeping to the latest operating system, currently Debian 13.  The automatic upgrade does not upgrade you to a new OS version, it will keep the packages up to date on the current OS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To upgrade the OS is a manual process which is not covered in this tutorial. For the purposes of this guide, we will be using Debian 11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you want to try out Debian then you can simply spin up a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/vps-hosting\">Virtual Private Server<\/a> with us, the server will be available within minutes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For Debian distribution information you can visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.debian.org\">Debian<\/a> website<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"before-you-begin\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Before You Begin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lets get apt up to date, if we do not do this then the package may not be available when we try to install it.  Login to SSH using root and running the following: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>apt update &amp;&amp; apt upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"step-1-install-automatic-updates\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1: Install Automatic Updates<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First of all, we need to download and install the <strong>unattended-upgrades<\/strong> package:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre id=\"block-94baf106-4146-44dd-8b13-64f56415ba46\" class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>apt install unattended-upgrades<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During the install process, apt will prompt to continue, if you are happy please enter &#8216;<strong>Y<\/strong>&#8216;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"804\" height=\"323\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1.png 804w, https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1-768x309.png 768w, https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1-380x153.png 380w, https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1-550x221.png 550w, https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1-800x321.png 800w, https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1-760x305.png 760w, https:\/\/www.sebae.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/apt-get-install-unattended-upgrades-1-600x241.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Once the install has completed, we can now start the unattended-upgrades service by running the following <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl enable unattended-upgrades\nsystemctl start unattended-upgrades<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This will make sure the service is <strong>running<\/strong>, and will also ensure the service is running after a reboot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now lets look at the configuration file \/etc\/apt\/apt.conf.d\/50unattended-upgrades <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>vi \/etc\/apt\/apt.conf.d\/50unattended-upgrades <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The contents of the file should look like the following, with more available scrolling down within you editor.  Anything with <strong>\/\/<\/strong> in front of it means its commented out and wont be included in the configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ Unattended-Upgrade::Origins-Pattern controls which packages are\n\/\/ upgraded.\n\/\/\n\/\/ Lines below have the format format is \"keyword=value,...\".  A\n\/\/ package will be upgraded only if the values in its metadata match\n\/\/ all the supplied keywords in a line.  (In other words, omitted\n\/\/ keywords are wild cards.) The keywords originate from the Release\n\/\/ file, but several aliases are accepted.  The accepted keywords are:\n\/\/   a,archive,suite (eg, \"stable\")\n\/\/   c,component     (eg, \"main\", \"contrib\", \"non-free\")\n\/\/   l,label         (eg, \"Debian\", \"Debian-Security\")\n\/\/   o,origin        (eg, \"Debian\", \"Unofficial Multimedia Packages\")\n\/\/   n,codename      (eg, \"jessie\", \"jessie-updates\")\n\/\/     site          (eg, \"http.debian.net\")\n\/\/ The available values on the system are printed by the command\n\/\/ \"apt-cache policy\", and can be debugged by running\n\/\/ \"unattended-upgrades -d\" and looking at the log file.\n\/\/\n\/\/ Within lines unattended-upgrades allows 2 macros whose values are\n\/\/ derived from \/etc\/debian_version:\n\/\/   ${distro_id}            Installed origin.\n\/\/   ${distro_codename}      Installed codename (eg, \"buster\")\nUnattended-Upgrade::Origins-Pattern {\n        \/\/ Codename based matching:\n        \/\/ This will follow the migration of a release through different\n        \/\/ archives (e.g. from testing to stable and later oldstable).\n        \/\/ Software will be the latest available for the named release,\n        \/\/ but the Debian release itself will not be automatically upgraded.\n\/\/      \"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename}-updates\";\n\/\/      \"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename}-proposed-updates\";\n        \"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian\";\n        \"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian-Security\";\n\n        \/\/ Archive or Suite based matching:\n        \/\/ Note that this will silently match a different release after\n        \/\/ migration to the specified archive (e.g. testing becomes the\n        \/\/ new stable).\n\/\/      \"o=Debian,a=stable\";\n\/\/      \"o=Debian,a=stable-updates\";\n\/\/      \"o=Debian,a=proposed-updates\";\n\/\/      \"o=Debian Backports,a=${distro_codename}-backports,l=Debian Backports\";\n};\n\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"step-2-removing-unused-dependencies\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2: Removing Unused Dependencies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can configure unattended-upgrades service to remove any unused dependencies by changing the settings in \/etc\/apt\/apt.conf.d\/50unattended-upgrades.  We simply need to uncomment the lines removing <strong>\/\/<\/strong> as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ Remove unused automatically installed kernel-related packages\n\/\/ (kernel images, kernel headers and kernel version locked tools).\nUnattended-Upgrade::Remove-Unused-Kernel-Packages \"true\";\n\n\/\/ Do automatic removal of newly unused dependencies after the upgrade\nUnattended-Upgrade::Remove-New-Unused-Dependencies \"true\";\n\n\/\/ Do automatic removal of unused packages after the upgrade\n\/\/ (equivalent to apt-get autoremove)\nUnattended-Upgrade::Remove-Unused-Dependencies \"true\";<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"step-3-blacklisting-packages\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3: Blacklisting Packages<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you want to block updates for any packages, such as Apache2 then the <code>Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist<\/code>&nbsp;section of the configuration file allows you to block these from updating.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To <strong>block<\/strong> updates for specific pacakges, then add the pacakage names to the list.  In this example we will use Exim4 and Apache2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist {\n    \/\/ The following matches all packages starting with linux-\n\/\/  \"linux-\";\n    \"apache2\";\n    \"exim4\";\n    \/\/ Use $ to explicitely define the end of a package name. Without\n    \/\/ the $, \"libc6\" would match all of them.\n\/\/  \"libc6$\";\n\/\/  \"libc6-dev$\";\n\/\/  \"libc6-i686$\";\n\n    \/\/ Special characters need escaping\n\/\/  \"libstdc\\+\\+6$\";\n\n    \/\/ The following matches packages like xen-system-amd64, xen-utils-4.1,\n    \/\/ xenstore-utils and libxenstore3.0\n\/\/  \"(lib)?xen(store)?\";\n\n    \/\/ For more information about Python regular expressions, see\n    \/\/ https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/howto\/regex.html\n};\n\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We do not advise blocking any package updates as this could cause potential dependency problems later on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"step-4-enabling-automatic-updates-on-debian\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 4: Enabling Automatic Updates on Debian<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To enable automatic updates you need to ensure that the apt configuration file contains to the correct setting.  Lets open the config file <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">vi \/etc\/apt\/apt.conf.d\/20auto-upgrades<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This file lets you define how often the automatic updates will run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists \"1\";\nAPT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade \"1\";<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Update-Package-Lists<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code>1<\/code>&nbsp;enables auto-update,&nbsp;<code>0<\/code>&nbsp;disables.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Unattended-Upgrade<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code>1<\/code>&nbsp;enables auto-upgrade,&nbsp;<code>0<\/code>&nbsp;disables.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lets add another line to enable autocleanup of updates:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\nAPT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists \"1\";\nAPT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade \"1\";\nAPT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval \"21\";\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>AutocleanInterval<\/strong>: Enables auto cleanup of packages. The above configuration is set for 21 days<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"step-5-testing-automatic-updates-on-debian\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 5: Testing Automatic Updates on Debian<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can carry out a dry run test on the configuration.  The test run an update, but no changes are made to the system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>unattended-upgrades --dry-run --debug<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With everything now set, we have learned how to configure automatic updates on Debian. Remember to do this on all your servers, it only takes one server that is insecure to allow attackers into your network.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Keeping your OS up to date is essential in the fight against attackers. Maintaining updates can be a&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_appearance_grid":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[21,22],"coauthors":[49],"class_list":["post-2408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-linux","tag-automatic-updates","tag-debian","cs-entry","cs-video-wrap"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How To Configure Automatic Updates On Debian | Sebae Networks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Keeping your OS up to date is essential in the fight against attackers. 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